Effect of Blast Loading On a Person Protected By Body Armour

Impact of Blast Loading On a Person Protected By Body Armor Official Summary The ballistic danger has been introduced to military powers for many years in some structure, from lances to bomb fracture. A great deal of work has gone into countering this ballistic danger and the security right now gave is generally excellent. The norms of body protection ballistic testing is thorough. Because of the cutting edge deviated front line that advanced military work force currently face, the danger has developed. All the more frequently, the work force are being exposed to impact from extemporized unstable gadgets emplaced by sporadic powers. This paper will survey the a portion of the examination that has been done into the impacts of shoot stacking on an individual ensured by body protection. English Army considers appear there was a higher occurrence of essential shoot injury in lethally harmed warriors wearing body shield that in regular citizen onlookers (Committee on Testing of Body Armor Materials for Use by the U.S. Armed force 2012) associated with IED occurre nces in Northern Ireland. This paper will investigate the impacts of shoot stacking on an individual wearing body shield. Presentation. Delicate body shield is structured basically to shield the wearer from the most hazardous front line danger, shots, and discontinuity, with the 3 primary testing principles for body covering (NIJ (U.S. Branch of Justice 2008), HOSDB (Croft Longhurst 2007) and STANAG 2911 (North Atlantic Treaty Organization 2015)) just indicating testing models for ballistic assurance. Because of the expanding utilization of ad libbed touchy gadgets (IEDs) in current uneven fighting, there is a developing danger of work force being exposed to impact related wounds (Tranchemontagne 2016). This paper will survey the impacts of shoot stacking on an individual secured by body reinforcement; this will be separated into: Hypothesis of impact sway, Investigation into shoot stacking on various materials. Hypothesis of impact sway. Impact waves are created from the quick extension of gases delivered during a blast during which a stun wave, voyaging quicker than the speed of sound, proliferates from the wellspring of the blast omni-directionally. One of the most significant qualities of an impact to consider is top overpressure, which is, in actuality, the quality of the impact. A further and similarly significant trademark is the positive drive length, which decides the time that the power will be bestowed on any item or structure. Both the pinnacle overpressure and the positive drive length should be known to viably figure the impacts of an impact on an item. On the off chance that you have two impacts of equivalent pinnacle overpressure however one is representing longer, the all out power granted on the article will be more noteworthy for the more drawn out motivation and will influence the item more. Figure 1 shows a perfect impact wave portrayal. The weight increments promptly to the pinnacle overpressure and rots after some time, a negative weight stage at that point follows. Fig 1. Perfect impact wave coming about because of a blast in air. (Goel et al. 2012) The impact an impact wave has on an individual is confounded because of how the impact wave associates with the unpredictable state of the human body. Impact wave diffraction around the human body brings about an intricate weight load on the body all of which should be comprehended to effectively check how a wave will influence an individual. Figure 2 shows how an impact wave collaborates with an unpredictably formed article, for example, a human body. Fig 2. Delineating the impact wave cooperation with an unpredictably formed item. (Gibson 1989) At first, a part of the impact wave is reflected from the front of the body. The external pieces of the stun wave proceed and diffracts around to the back of the body where they are debilitated. Rarefaction waves move over the front of the body (1), lessening the pinnacle weight of the reflected wave while vortices structure at the back of the body (2) and (3). The entangled gas stream implies that the body is stacked for an all-inclusive time (Gibson 1989). The wounds brought about by this pinnacle starting weight/positive motivation length are known as essential impact wounds (PBI). The organs generally powerless to PBI are the gas-filled organs, for example, the ears, the lungs, and the gastrointestinal tract. The system of injury on these organs is a type of barotrauma, which is a physical issue, brought about by the weight differential of the inside organs and the external surface of the body right now the weight wave impacts. Impact waves can be sub-isolated into pressure waves and shear waves. Stun waves are a unique sort of stress wave, which are longitudinal like sound waves however travel a lot quicker, and cause essential impact injury (PBI) of the lung and little gut. Shear waves are trans-stanza waves, described by long span, low speed, and cause pressure of instinctive structures. In the midsection, stress waves cause harm at the minute level, while the shear wave causes tearing of the tissues because of gross body divider and instinctive movement. Gash of strong stomach viscera is identified with extremely high impact stacking (Housden 2012). Examination into the impacts of shoot stacking on an individual secured by body protective layer. A between time report delivered by the US Army Natick RDE Center in 1989, titled Response of Clothing Materials to Air Shock Waves (Gibson 1989) gave noteworthy understanding into shoot stacking of high effect stun waves. The report centers around testing the at that point, in-administration body protective layer of the US Army (The Personnel Armor Systems, Ground Troops (PASGT)). The report secured four territories: Impact wave qualities, Impact science, Impact assurance, Shoot weakening by permeable and compressible materials. The principle goal of the report was to find out how impact waves interfaced with PASGT and it expressed there was past proof that the materials contained inside the body defensive layer were causing an impact enhancement impact. Starting considerations were that this enhancement may have been because of how the impact wave proliferated through the multi-layered structure of the covering. The report portrayed the development of the body covering (13 layers of Kevlarã‚â ® 29 material sandwiched between an internal and external nylon shell texture). The report clarifies that the defensive layer was structured absolutely to give ballistic security and no idea had gone into giving assurance against impact impacts. The reports primary center was the absence of insurance stood to the wearer of the body defensive layer from upgraded impact weapons, for example, Fuel-Air Explosives (FAE). An individual can support wounds from an impact with overpressures that bring about extents as meager as 10 20 psi while a run of the mill FAE occasion can create significantly more considerable psi, as high as 300. In this condition, the absence of security reinforcement would give to the wearer was exceptionally concerning. Preceding this report, a ton of essential work on the reaction of warm blooded creatures to impact waves had been led by The Lovelace Foundation, The Research Institute of National Defense (Sweden), and the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. This work distinguished how different qualities of the impact can fluctuate the impact of the impact on a body, for example, the direction of the body corresponding to the impact wave. In one examination led by Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, human volunteers were exposed to low level impact waves. The volunteers interior lung pressure was estimated during the investigation while wearing a few unique kinds of defensive garments. The investigation indicated that the volunteers wearing the PASGT body shield gave test estimations demonstrating the best increment of inner lung pressure. This would propose that the body protection would build the danger of lung harm at higher impact overpressures. This examination was stretched out to higher impact overpressures utilizing sheep rather than human volunteers. Half of the sheep were fitted with PASGT body shield. During this testing, the degree of harm to the sheeps lungs was estimated by the percent expansion of the lung weight. A supposition that was made this would straightforwardly identify with the impact harm. This all-encompassing examination indicated that the sheep wearing body protection showed far more p rominent shoot harm to their lungs than the unprotected sheep. Investigation of the exploratory information on how stun waves were transmitted through layers of material demonstrated that there was a noteworthy increment in the reflected weight when contrasted with testing were no texture was available. There was a pattern of the weight expanding in accordance with the quantity of layers of Kevlar or cotton present. This proceeded in a specific way. It was noted during these analyses that there was not noteworthy distinction between the increments of weight when utilizing layers of cotton contrasted with layers of Kevlar. This recommended the kind of material was not as critical as the quantity of layers and the thickness of the texture. Examination of the PC demonstrating indicated an expansion in top inside lung weight of around half between the unprotected chest model and the model wearing the body shield. A point to take note of, the trial information arranged shows a deliberate increment of 20% in the human volunteers wearing the body covering contrasted with the unprotected volunteers. This divergence could be because of the trouble in displaying the mind boggling response of impact waves affecting a human body. The report inferred that delicate body reinforcement doesn't offer wearers security from impact impacts. Despite what might be expected, the wearing of delicate body covering may really expand the shoot consequences for the work force wearing the protection. The report indicates that this counter - instinctive wonders may be decreased with the acquaintance of hard covering plates with the body reinforcement. A later affirmation of these discoveries were point by point in a diary article titled, Shock Enhancement Effect of Lightweight Composite Structures and Materials (Zhu et al. 2011). This survey takes a gander at the more extensive scope of lightweight materia

Case Study of the Jewish Museum, Berlin

Contextual analysis of the Jewish Museum, Berlin The Jewish Museum Berlin joins the social and social history of the Germany after World War 2 and sought to relate with the impacts of the Holocaust on Jews in Germany. In his structure, Libeskind professed to consolidate three fundamental ideas; the lack of ability to grasp the authentic motivation of Germany without the information on the civilizational, scholastic and monetary commitment that was made by the Jewish individuals in Berlin. Besides he needed to catch the substantial and profound excursion in connection to the experience of the Holocaust and its repercussions the general public of Jews lastly he needed to offer some kind of reparation by the affirmation, evacuation and the consolidation of voids, through which Berlin can move yet this time with helpful presence. At the point when the development finished in 1999, the Director Michael Blumenthal announced that, the main point of the historical center will be to bring a feeling of the wealth of Jewish social life in Ger many before the Holocaust LIBESKINDS BOOK However, the Holocaust injects the exhibition hall so firmly the gallery has been called by analysts and pundits both educational and instructive that the message is one for the present and, all the more critically, for the future (BOOK MAKE UP). Since the setting of the Holocaust stays such a solid string in this space, it warrants assessment as a remarkable expansion to classes memorializing the Holocaust. Furthermore, the exhibition halls triumph in its enormous turnout rates especially with youngsters, in the course of the most recent decade requires an examination of its unpredictability of structure and substance to see how the space performs to change the manner in which we see things.WHY HE WON? For Libeskind, who was worn in Poland, a coupl of hundred Kilemoters from Berlin and whose family crushed during the Holocaust, the venture introduced an opportunity to reconnect to his past. Both of his folks were captured by Soviet authorit ies when the Red Army and upon their arrival home and have invest some energy in inhumane imprisonment. Upon their arrival they discovered that 85 individuals from families had kicked the bucket because of the Nazis. These encounters made Libeskind plan incredibly close to home and in a sence one-sided. In a nterview to Jewish Currents, a Jewish on-line magazine that manages activism, legislative issues and craftsmanship Libeskind clarifies his methodology; I would initially bring up that it is anything but a task that I needed to inquire about in a library or study in the files since it is a piece of my experience, remembering my prompt foundation for each sense. My folks were Holocaust survivors and my uncle Nathan was one of the saints of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising. I myself grew up as a Jew in post war Poland under very enemy of Semitic conditions. Also, Ive lived in Israel and New York. Unquestionably that historical center is talking, both in reverse and advances, to numerous issues that are a piece of my Jewish reasonableness. Jewish Currents Just by watching the type of the structure, as of now the feeling of down to earth impact is assuming an enormous job. The structure is conspicuous by its glimmering zinc dividers, hilter kilter state of the crisscross structure with light infiltrating through awry cuts reminiscent of the terrible cuts on Jewish nearness in Germany. Berliners promptly named it barrage or the lighting. For Libeskind this tormented structure speaks to all the ruthlessness, all the cracks throughout the entire existence of the Jews in Germany. This could b an instance of Libeskinds over-coordinated effort with the structure, as this lighting, crisscross this plan of the structure is created from the disconnected Star of David which is just noticable from the air a picture just observed by a holy messenger( BOOK BY DANILEl. The structure, for instance, recommends that the astonished, broken universe of the Holocaust is best evoked by break, broken space. The passage to the show is by a sliding entryway flight of stairs that leads into a world bent geometry where floors are askew and wound. Furthermore, rather than feeling something philosophical, you nearly envision stages moving as in a luna parks place of fear. The cellar of the exhibition hall is made of three tomahawks speaking to three convictions throughout the entire existence of Jews in Germany. The first is Axis of Continuity and it is the longest one. It gets the Old Building together with the focal flight of stairs which escorts up to the show levels. To Liberskind is a portrayal of continuation of Jews in Berlins history and culture. Second, Axis of Emigration guides guests outside to daylight of the Garden of Exile. here the dividers are somewhat slanted and mutilated. A huge entryway must be opened before one can step into the nursery. There isn't a lot of data about history and by and by Libeskind intensely depends on the design, our creative mind and encounters to build the history. impasse is at the Axis of the Holocaust which is significantly more smaller becomes and darker and completes at the Holocaust Tower. Not at all like in Axis of Emigration there is bit more data about the holocaust. In transit glass case, archives a nd other individual belongings are shown, affirming of a private existence of their proprietors who were killed. Underground, every one of the three tomahawks navigate, speaking to the connection between the three convictions of Jewish life in Germany. One part of the gallery that affected me are Libeskind's purported Voids which represent the crucial basic component of the New Building and its relationship with the Old Building. Here a flight of stairs guides guests down to the storm cellar and right to the voids of uncovered solid which associates two structures. These are in reality void spaces, some of which you can look into, and theyre expected to represent the voids left by those Jews and Jewish people group that have been cleared out during the Holocaust. While this is absolutely an exceptionally dim part of the structures plan, it is fairly a theoretical one and again a pre-obtained information needed to exist so as to comprehend planners goals. While watching the pictures of Voids the sentiment of exposed state, disarray and misfortune are solid and practically anguishing. Here, an establishment by the Israeli stone worker, Menasche Kadishman of more than 10,000 round iron circle faces is spread along the solid floor. It speaks to the enduring that could be seen on the essences of Jews killed in Nazi Germany. Despite the fact that these plates were left there purposefully as is typically not case with the punctum they are my prick. Ten thousand faces take a gander at you from the virus solid floor and their fully open mouth gives off an impression of being shouting. The way that guests are welcome to abuse those appearances appears as it by one way or another befouls the establishment. Possibly one of those appearances was my granddads companion. In summation, the rationale in the exhibition hall can impact the engineering frame and become its wellspring of motivation. In any case, engineering would never have the explicitness of importance of composed or verbal correspondence. The manners by which a structure may along these lines express its recently blessed job in the surrounding of history appear to be incomplete, and troubled with entanglements. I all the time imagine that contemporary culture has more style over issue, and it could be contended that the Jewish Museum is an a valid example. Individuals hoping to leave building and addition a greatly improved point of view of what life resembled for the German Jewish populace, will be frustrated, yet in the event that they are set up to let their psyche follow Daniel Libeskinds understanding of occasions then they'll leave upset and bewildered . In any case, whenever accompany certain colleagues and their own encounters from the holocaust, they will see their punctum and leave injured and tormented.

The Great Wall & The US Southern Border Essay Sample

Natural Therapies Institute The Great Wall of China vs. The Southern Border in the United States The Great Wall of China was built beginning in 221 BC. The then ruler, Emperor Qin gained control of the seven states that had existed and turned them into the first unified Chinese Kingdom. To the North, the Hun Army was getting strong and to protect the new kingdom, the emperor began building a wall. The wall’s construction would reach its peak during the Ming dynasty (1368 to 1644) and peaked at a length of around 4,000 miles (6,400 km). It is the world’s longest man made structure. The Great Wall however failed to stop invasions most notably when the Mongols led by Genghis Khan and later Kublai Khan went through the wall to conquer China. America’s border with Mexico runs for 1,916 miles (3,169 km) stretching from the Gulf of Mexico to the Pacific. To prevent people from crossing illegally into the United States, a barrier was built out of barbed wire, chain link and metal plates (National Geographic 2014). The wall peaks at 3 meters (10 feet) tall and a secondary fence behind the first peaks at 4.5 meters (15 feet). Many people have died while trying to cross the border due to exposure in the Sonoran desert and an organization called the Border Angels whose slogan, "Ni Una Muerte Mas! Reforma Ya!" ("Not one more death! Reform now!) is painted on the wall has been trying to get the American authorities to reform immigration policies (National Geographic Education 2014). Many people however do succeed in crossing and some have even built tunnels to smuggle people and drugs across the border. Both The Great Wall of China and The Southern Border in the United States were built to try and prevent unwanted people from entering the Kingdom of China and the United States respectively. However, as with any other wall, they were both did not have a 100% success rate. The Mongols were able to numerously breach the Great Wall and raid Beijing while some people are still able to successfully cross from Mexico into the United States. Sometimes, the enemy that The Great Wall tried to keep out would come from within as was the case when a rebellion overthrew the Ming Dynasty. The American border fence has also been ineffective sometimes as drugs which are usually trafficked across the border come from smugglers within America and not from Mexico. Both The Great wall and The Southern Border in The United States were built out of necessity and to solve an existing problem but did prove that building a wall only makes people develop other means of crossing it in order to achieve their goals. Walls alone therefore cannot solve problems but laws, diplomacy and treaties must also be used for a most effective solution. Expert admission essay writing service - get your essays written by professional application essay writer.

Hcs 320 Communication and Crisis Essay - 1261 Words

Communication and Crisis Health Care Communication Strategies HCS 320 April 14, 2013 Communication and Crisis Today our community is presented with a problem that will require communication between several internal and external avenues to help resolve the water contamination in the Eugene-Springfield area. I am Shellie Cobbs, Director of the Regional Emergency Management Office, and I will be addressing the media on the procedures to be used in running the crisis communication efforts in response to the contaminated water. A water contamination event poses a unique opportunity to work with diverse populations to effectively convey important health messages (Contamination, 2008, p. 1). Individuals communicating during the†¦show more content†¦Advances in communication technology give the crisis teams the ability to reach out to communities and rural areas using reverse phone calls and the emergency broadcast system. Traditional communication methods, such as television and radio, allows the crisis teams to distribute correct information and help reduce the effects of errors that can be communicated through news spread by word of mouth. Technology has a disadvantage during a crisis. If the ability to use technology to communication information in a crisis situation is compromised because of power outages or damage to the system then other methods must continue to be utilized and awareness to the people who would normally use current technology for communication must be notified in another manner. Using technology differently At the time of the Three Mile incident, there were only three major television stations limiting the ability to communicate critical information to as many people as possible. Development of cable television and more channels for people to watch gives the ability to distribute information at an increased rate. 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Bravissimo A Brand - 2709 Words

BRIEF: Develop a marketing strategy to launch Bravissimo into the US market, including a seasonal range plan. WHO ARE BRAVISSIMO? Company Overview UK locations: National UK sites: 22 Sector: Retail Definition: Multi Channel Retailer Founded: 1995 Staff: 651 Average Age: 26 Male/ Female: 5% / 95% Earning  £35,000+: 6% AWARDS Cosmopolitan s Woman Achiever Award Entrepreneur of the Year Best Lingerie Retailer Award 2000-2011’ BRRAVISSIMO- A BRAND Bravissimo is a British retailer specialising in lingerie, swimwear, clothing, nightwear and bras for bigger breasted women of cup sizes D to KK. Catering for women who are usually called curvy, though their lingerie chain, which sells online,†¦show more content†¦EXPAND CLOTHING LINES In 2010 Bravissimo moved away from focusing solely on selling underwear to expand into women’s wear. However, it wasn’t until February 2011 that a full women’s clothing range was established called Pepperberry. The collection includes women’s clothes in sizes 8-18, rather than the garments for larger bust sizes that it currently sells. The garments come in three cuts: Curvy, Really Curvy and Super Curvy. Throughout the next few years Bravissimo will grow their clothing line with a focus on increasing market share in the UK clothing market. GO GLOBAL The success of Bravissimo is indicative that standalone specialised offers for non-standard sizes can work, and segmented brands are likely to have increasing relevance, as people place greater emphasis on fit when choosing clothes. Bravissimo aim to take their winning combination of great choice for the big boobed woman and an easy to use online shopping service and translate the success of Bravissimo into the international lingerie market. BRAND HISTORY Bravissimo, the purveyor of bras for what its founder calls the big-boobed woman† is a real British success story. For its founder, Sarah Tremellen, it s a true zero to hero story. She launched the company from her sitting room in 1995 after giving birth and discovering the range of bras she was used to didn t existShow MoreRelatedQuantitative And Quantitative Methods Of Research3747 Words   |  15 Pagescollect the data, because through surveys a large amount of data will be gathered from the population. The questionnaire will be used to collect the data from the respondents to have their point of view regarding the endorsement of celebrity to create brand image. 3.6 Validity and Reliability The researcher makes sure that all the data are collected are from valid and reliable places so that troubles can be avoided. Obtaining valid information would make it convenient for the researcher to deliverRead MoreCase Study Analysis on an Entrepreneur2827 Words   |  12 Pagesthe report will show how certain entrepreneurial management behaviours can have a huge impact and how they are used by entrepreneurs to achieve a company’s corporate mission. What is Ultimo? Ultimo is one of the UK’s leading designer lingerie brands which was first started in 1996 by a lady with a reputation for determination better known as Michelle Mone. The Ultimo range is available in a number of stores such as Harrods, Harvey Nichols, John Lewis, House of Fraser and Debenhams stores nationwide

The Globalization of Professional Business-Samples for Students

Question: Write a report on Global Business Environment. Answer: Introduction. Over time, the way of doing business has changed immensely due to effects of globalization and globalism. Handling globalization effectively can help to develop a countries economy and assist in sustainability development. Poor handling of globalism and globalization can damage thriving activities because it has disadvantages. Globalization is defined as the process of integration that enables free movement of people, ideas, capital, goods, services technology, and information. Globalization has been brought about by advancements in transport means and telecommunication facilities (mcmichael, 2013, p.1340). Globalism, on the other hand, refers to planning economic developments and foreign policies in an international way. This report is written to highlight globalization and globalism and their effects in the business environment, the process of international integration, challenges facing globalization and benefits and risks facing global business environment. The process of international integration. There several factors that have helped in promoting international integration. Some of the factors include; Transport, information technology, and communication. The revolution of transport and communication modes and means has promoted globalization to a higher extend. Transport revolution which has led to the development of jet, airplanes, steam ships and other has enabled individuals to travel all over the world (Jaumotte, et al.2013, p.290). This has helped to bridge the space between nations and also reducing the time spent moving from one nation to another to carry out economic activities. Information technology revolution has facilitated easy sharing of information and ideas. This led to spread of innovative ideas that helped to promote globalization. Industrial organization. Advancement in technologies has enabled organizations to operate efficiently. This efficiency led to the growth of firms and enabled them to expand their operations to other nations. The process of hiring professional to work in these firms has also immensely influenced globalization. The growth of firms enables them to cross boundaries to look for a market for their goods and services (Kong, 2013, p.280). Exporting of the surplus firm produce has also contributed to globalization process. The industrial organization has also led to the growth of multinational companies. These companies set up branches in different countries and this help globalization process. Technology. Advancements of technology in some countries has also resulted to globalization. This is because people from under developed countries move to developed countries to gain and increase their knowledge in certain technologies (Ferguson, 2014, p.270). Developed countries regarding technologies export their high-tech products to other nations which are not able to produce their products. This process promotes international trade which supports globalization. Political matters. Political leaders play a great role in promoting globalization. Political leaders are responsible for developing regional agreements that help in the free flow of goods, services, and labor. The regional integration has led to developments that foster globalization such as common currency (Kittel and Winner, 2005, p.280). This integration enables labor force to cross borders. This enables individuals to gain employment in other nations. Regional integration also promotes and regulates the level of globalization by determining the amount and type of goods to be exported to other countries. Thus political integration helps to promote globalization. The formed trading blocs help to reduce national barriers that promote international integration process. Reduced tariff barriers. Removal of trade barriers has resulted to free movement of products and services from one nation to another. This enables countries with surplus goods and services to be able to export to other countries, and this has helped to promote globalization (Dubois and Duquesne, 1993, p.40). Removing national trade barriers has promoted free movement of labor which in turn has helped in the international integration process and global trade. Benefits of globalization. Globalization has proven to provide a lot of benefits in global business environment. Some of the benefits include; Economic benefits. Globalization has enabled movement of goods and products from one state to another. This has helped to increase trading activities that have helped to improve economies of many nations (Izberk-Bilgin, 2012, p.680). The free movement of goods also enables nations with limited resources to have access to products which they are not able to produce. These products have enabled the countries to improve their citizens standard of living. Globalization has also helped to improve specialization. This allows nations to produce products and services which they have an absolute advantage or comparative advantages. This leads to efficiency in utilization of resources as specialization enables governments to manage resources well (Shastry, 2012, p.290). Specialization also has led to the production of high quality goods that can be exposed to other nations. Specialization has also led to the cooperation of nations as they rely on each other for some products. Specializations enable nations to focus on their strengths, and this has led to improved economies. Political benefits. Globalization has enabled many nations to enter into cooperation agreements which will foster economic growth. This cooperation between nations has helped to stop international wars and conflicts that hinder economic growth (Artz,and Yahya, 2012, p.1). Globalization enables coming together of political leaders as telecommunication and transport facilities have made the world seem so small. Globalization has helped to prevent dictatorships in many nations. This has enabled many citizens to exercise their democratic rights that foster good governance. Cultural and ethical benefits. Globalization has enabled free movement of people. Transport and telecommunication revolution that has makes the world seem so small. This enables individuals to explore different cultures. This has led to exposure to many cultures which has enabled people to be exposed to international music, art, movies, and religion (mcmillan, et al.2014, p.20). Globalization ha also brought about ethical benefits. These benefits have led to creating awareness on human rights that has led to addressing human injustices in both developed and developing nations. This has led to the growth of civilization that has promoted respect for other peoples rights. The spread of technology. Technology developments were advanced in developed countries only. Due to globalization, developing countries were able to have access to this developed technologies. Globalization led to spread of ideas and information that led to technology advancements to spread all over the world (Mishkin, 2009, p.190). Technology has been essential in facilitating global business as it has helped in the production of quality products with much efficiency. Globalization and globalism challenges in the global business environment. Though globalization brings a lot of benefits in different nations, it has faced many challenges that hinder the process of international integration. The challenges include; Political challenges Investors who invest in other countries through the aid of globalization find doing business hard due to the government taking actions that do not favor investing in their countries. The government sometimes fails to take any action when that may correct some aspects affecting the performance of business entities (Chatterji, et al.2013, p.130). The threat of nationalism has been the largest political threat to global business. During economic challenges, governments use various forms of countering the risks such as exchange rate control and even imposing tariffs that hinder the free movement of goods, services, and labor. Such actions impede globalization which affects global business environment. Civil wars and post-election violence affect the global business environment as investors and organizations will be afraid to invest in such countries for fear of loss of lives and properties (Law, et al.2014, p.220). The assassination of political leaders championing globalization process has happened several times, and due to such cases, global business suffers a huge blow as globalization process may be affected by the policies of the assassins. Corruption practices have also affected the global business environment. This is because unethical government institutions affect how business is done as they control the process of awarding contracts through illegal business dealings. This discourages investors, and it affects global business. Cultural challenges. Different countries have different cultures. Some cultures promote globalization process while others affect the global business environment. Some cultures believe that leaders should hail from a certain community and this cannot be changed. The leaders in power may not support globalization, and this remains the case as the government cannot be changed (Huang, et al.2014, p.40). Such leaders engage in corruptive practices that hinder the development of global business environment as they hinder investors from investing in their countries for fear of civilization that is brought about by globalization. This poses a threat to their leadership position. This kind of cultures hinders globalization process. Some cultures do not allow the taking of risks or any form of uncertainty. This hinders business process because business is all about taking risks. This affects the global environment as the people in such countries cannot engage in some business activities (Asongu, 2014, p.350). This type of cultures in different countries impose frameworks that must be followed by everybody engaging in business activities in that country. Such rules prevent investors and business people from uses practices employed by other stakeholders in the global market, and this affects the global business environment. Technological challenges. Advancements in technology have helped international economic integration to a greater extent. Due to the spread of ideas, innovation process led to the development of different technologies by various countries. Such countries made countries to be self-reliant as the technology has enabled them to produce what they did not produce initially (Knickerbocker, 1973, p.8). This affects globalization because due to self-sufficiency, there will be less movement of people and goods and services from one nation to another. This will affect the global business environment as people and organizations will prefer to conduct business operations in their own countries. The challenge of use of different currency and accounting practices. Use of different currency has negatively affected globalization process as this affects transaction activities where two nations using different currencies are involved. Due to exchange rate controls, nations with different currencies will not be able to engage in business activities that promote globalization process (Mohamed and Lashine, 2003, p.10). Different accounting policies adopted by different nations also affect globalization process as the lack of uniformity in accounting practices gives some nations undue advantage while hurting the other party. This affects foreign investment activities and this, in turn, affects global business environment and globalization. Social and moral responsibilities of globalization and globalism. Globalization should interfere with other peoples cultures. Globalization process should protect the set laws and regulations in different countries. This will enable globalization to be embraced by countries resisting globalization for fear of erosion of their culture. Globalization should ensure its concern for consumers, community, and shareholders regarding being fair and just and also respect their rights (Popescu, 2013, p.170). The moral values of corporations should not be to exploit their consumers, and they should obey and respect diverse ethical demands required from them by different communities. Companies operating away from their territories due to globalization has a moral duty to respect the legal frame works in other communities. Globalization should also ensure there is rising demand for corporate responsibility which will prevent organizations from exploiting consumers. Global management process. Management of global business environment has to start by ensuring all trade barriers are removed so that there can be free movement of goods and labor between nations so that international trade can take place without hurting some players(Thamhain, 2013, p.30). This is done by setting laws and regulations that regulate the global business environment. This helps to minimize conflicts that may occur and affect the global business process. Globalism and globalization in developed countries. Developed countries have benefited from globalism and globalization and some of the benefits include; Large market. Globalization has enabled developed countries to export their products to other countries hence creating an international market for their products and services. Creation of job opportunities. Free movement has enabled job seekers to move to developing nations and secure job opportunities which have led to improved standards of living. Creation of strong trade ties. This has led to improved trade terms which have contributed to improving economic conditions. The trade ties have also ensured corporation that fosters international peace. Promoting exports. Due to globalization and globalism, there was an increased market for the produced products in other countries (Caniato, et al.2013, p.290). Technology that resulted due to globalization has enabled the production of quality goods that promote exports in the developed countries. Disadvantages of globalization and globalism in developed countries Negative impact on taxation. Corporations in developed countries have shifted their businesses to other nations which have low tax rates (Clark, 2014, p.4). This causes developed countries not to collect the needed revenues as corporations try to exploit tax loop holes in other nations. Globalization and globalism in developing countries. Globalization has enabled developing countries to experience some benefits. The benefits include; The spread of technology. Globalization has led to developing countries having access to modern technology (Kindstrm and Kowalkowski, 2014, p.100). The technology has enhanced innovation process which has led to specialization by some countries. Job creation. Due to globalization, multinational corporations have established branches in developing nations. These companies employ the local citizens. This helps to improve the standards of living of the developing nations. New market. Globalization has enabled developing nations to have access to the international market for their products and services. This has helped to improve industrialization process that led to the production of high quality products for export (Kramsch, 2014, p.300). The exports help to improve the terms of trade of developing nations. Disadvantages of globalization in developing nations. Global management process of the global business environment has caused developing nation to experience several disadvantages of globalization and globalism. They include; Killing local industries. Due to the dumping of goods by developed countries, many developing nations young industries have collapsed (Kramsch, 2014, p.300). This is due to stiff competition from goods from other nations. This has affected the process of industrialization, and this affects economic growth of many developing nations. Erosion of culture. Globalization and globalism have led to the erosion of the culture of many communities in developing countries (Clark, 2014, p.4). This kills tourism and hospitality industry as the cultural artifacts which can attract tourist are destroyed in the process of globalization. This also leads to loss of sense of belonging. Increased dependence. Globalization has led to increased dependence by developing nations as they opt to import the products they dont produce (Clark, 2014, p.4). This leads to deteriorating terms of trade which damage many developing nation's economies. Trade tariffs. Imposition of trade tariffs prevents developing nations from exporting their products to other countries. This affects their foreign exchange reserves and affects their terms of trade (Nicolai'dis, 2014, p.51). Developed nations experience more benefits of globalization and globalism than developing nations. If necessary measures are not taken, developing nations' economy may be damaged to the point of no repair. Advantages of global business environment. Global customer satisfaction. Due to competition, companies have been forced to start producing quality goods to compete effectively with products from other nations (Nicolai'dis, 2014, p.51). Export products are also of high quality to meet the set standards. This production of quality products leads to satisfaction of customers needs and preferences. New market. Globalization has led to opening up of new markets for products and services. Countries can export their surplus products to other nations. The spread of technology has also led to the development of e-commerce which has also created new markets for products and services. Economies of scale and scope Due to specialization, countries can produce different products and services with much efficiency due to comparative and absolute advantages (Nicolai'dis, 2014, p.51). Efficiency leads to the production of large amounts of products that enable countries to enjoy economies of scale and economies of scope. This enables them to save on the cost of production and production of cheap quality products that attract customers in the global market. The spread of technology, information, and civilization. The global business environment enables spread of technology that has helped in the innovation process. Innovation process has led to creative means of producing quality products that compete favorably the global market (Zhang, et al.2014, p.315). The global environment has also enabled the spread of civilized business practices to spread all over the world, and this has improved business transactions all over the world. Risks of global business environment. Competition. The global business environment has exposed young industries in different countries to face stiff competition from well-established multinational corporations (Zhang, et al.2014, p.315). This trend has killed the process of industrialization in many countries due to the dumping of products into other countries by developed countries. The spread of terrorism and erosion of culture. The global business environment has led to the erosion of culture in different communities all over the world. This has led communities to lose a sense of belonging. Global business has also led to spread of terrorism activities that have led to the destruction of valuable properties, loss of lives and instilling fear that threatens business activities all over the world. Economic over dependence. The global business environment has led to increased economic over dependence by many countries. This has been caused by the specialization process that enables countries to focus on production of only a few commodities (Zhang, et al.2014, p.315). In case of disputes that may hinder global business, some nations will suffer, and their economies will decline. Conclusion Globalism and globalization offer many benefits to countries. This has led to the development of the global business which has helped to improve the lives of many people. Globalism and globalization should be well regulated, and this will cripple economies of many countries. The global business environment has led to spread of technology, free movement of goods and labor, created a large market for products and services, the spread of practical business practices and creation of job opportunities. From the report, developed countries benefit more from globalization and globalism than developing countries. This has been so due to various practices such as developed nations imposing trade tariffs on developing nations product, dumping of their surplus goods to developing nations markets hence killing their industries and in the long run industrialization process. The global business environment has enabled many countries to be exposed to sound business practices and elimination of unethical cultures and practices in the business environment. References Artz, L. and Yahya, R.K., 2012. Globalization, media hegemony and social class. Globalization of Corporate Media Hegemony, The: Evaluating California's Imprisonment Crisis, p.1. Asongu, S., 2014. Globalization (fighting), corruption and development: How are these phenomena linearly and nonlinearly related in wealth effects?. Journal of Economic Studies, 41(3), pp.346-369. Caniato, F., Golini, R. and Kalchschmidt, M., 2013. 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Organization Behaviour free essay sample

Wegmans was founded in 1916, by brothers Walter and Jack Wegman, as a small family-owned food store in Rochester, New York State. It was initially called the Rochester Food and Vegetable Company, and operated out of the Wegmanshouse. In the early 1920s, the Wegmans moved the store to a new location and expanded the product range to make it a full-fledged grocery store selling fresh produce, bakery goods, and canned goods. The store also had a small cafeteria. It’s Headquarters in Rochester, New York. Wegmans is consistently voted as one of the best companies to work for in the US by several independent sources. It is also one of the rare companies in the retail sector that had a relatively low voluntary attrition rate (seven percent for full time employees). Wegmans culture is articulated in its philosophy Employees first, Customers second. However, in spite of its expressed preference for employees over customers, Wegmans is known for its high level of customer service. We will write a custom essay sample on Organization Behaviour or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Question No 1 Is Wegamns Culture Strong or Weak and what are the Characteristic of Wegmans culture and how it affect its employees particularly new hires? Strong culture is said to exist where staff respond to stimulus because of their alignment to organizational values. Conversely, there is Weak Culture where there is little alignment with organizational values and control must be exercised through extensive procedures and bureaucracy. Where culture is strong people do things because they believe it is the right thing to do. Characteristic of Wegmans Diversity and equal opportunity. * Respect co-employees , pursue excellence , make a difference and become empowered